Consequences in the Line of Duty
Firefighters put their lives on the line to protect communities from fire. Despite the intense heat, thick smoke, and chaotic surroundings, they show remarkable bravery and dedication. However, alongside these visible dangers, firefighters face an insidious threat that often goes unnoticed: exposure to Aqueous Film-Forming Foam (AFFF).
AFFF is a specialized firefighting foam widely used to suppress flammable liquid fires. While its effectiveness in extinguishing fires is commendable, recent studies have highlighted potential health risks associated with its exposure.
Firefighters, who frequently come into contact with this foam during their missions, may be at risk of adverse health consequences. In this article, you will delve into the topic of AFFF exposure and its potential impact on the health of firefighters.
Respiratory Health Effects
One of the most significant concerns regarding AFFF exposure among firefighters is its potential impact on respiratory health. While the foam effectively suppresses these fires, its chemical composition raises concerns about respiratory complications.
AFFF (aqueous film-forming foam) contains substances called per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). According to the EPA, these are long-lasting compounds that break down slowly over time and can be found in the blood of people and animals worldwide.
Moreover, these substances can also be found in various food products and the environment because they are widely used and persist for a long time.
Due to their long-lasting nature, PFAS pose a potential threat and can cause harmful health effects. When AFFF is used, PFAS can be released into the air as droplets or
particles. Firefighters may inhale these particles, which can lead to respiratory exposure.
Studies have shown that PFAS exposure through inhalation can have various respiratory health effects. Firefighters exposed to it may experience symptoms such as coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness. Prolonged or repeated exposure to PFAS may contribute to the development of respiratory conditions like asthma and bronchitis.
Increased Cancer Risk
One of the most alarming health concerns associated with AFFF exposure among firefighters is the potential increased cancer risk. Recent studies have raised awareness of a possible link between AFFF exposure and certain types of cancer, leading to lawsuits and substantial settlements. The PFAS present has been associated with an elevated risk of cancer, including kidney, testicular, and prostate cancer.
As awareness of the potential cancer risk grows, many affected firefighters have filed AFFF lawsuits seeking justice and compensation for their health issues. These lawsuits aim to hold the manufacturers of AFFF accountable for failing to adequately warn about the potential health risks associated with their products.
Several cases have been filed in recent years for claiming significant AFFF lawsuit settlements, with the amounts varying depending on factors. These include the severity of health conditions, duration of exposure, and individual circumstances.
Also, the exact AFFF lawsuit settlement amounts claimed related to the lawsuits are not publicly disclosed because of confidentiality agreements. However, as of July 2023, the AFFF settlements are beginning to take place for municipalities that have filed lawsuits regarding PFAS contamination.
These settlements involve addressing the contamination of soil, groundwater, and drinking water supplies. Notably, 3M is currently in advanced discussions to potentially pay $10 billion to resolve these claims.
It demonstrates the seriousness of the health problems encountered by firefighters impacted by exposure to it. Therefore, according to Bloomberg law, from July 2005 until March 2022, more than 6,400 PFAS-related claims were filed in federal courts, which was staggering.
Additionally, it is worth noting that, as per TorHoerman law, compensation sums might range from USD 40,000 to USD 300,000 or more, depending on the merits of the case and other particulars.
Hormonal and Endocrine Disruption
The endocrine system regulates the body’s hormones, which control essential functions such as growth, metabolism, reproduction, and mood. When firefighters are exposed to the chemicals in AFFF, these chemicals can mimic or interfere with the body’s natural hormones, disrupting the endocrine system.
Studies have indicated that PFAS exposure may contribute to disruptions in reproductive hormones, thyroid function, and insulin regulation.
Furthermore, research from Science Direct revealed that both long- and short-chain PFAS substances can interfere with hormone secretion, menstrual cycles, and fertility in women.
Additionally, these substances have been found to impact women’s reproductive systems by directly affecting reproductive tissues and altering the normal functioning of the breast, thyroid, and HPGA (hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis).
Men, on the other hand, may encounter reduced sperm quality or hormonal imbalances affecting sexual function. Furthermore, hormonal and endocrine disruption can have broader implications on overall health and well-being.
Skin and Dermatological Issues
Prolonged or repeated exposure to AFFF can cause skin irritation, inflammation, and allergic reactions. Firefighters may develop symptoms such as redness, itching, dryness, or rashes on the exposed areas of their skin. These reactions can be particularly problematic for individuals with pre-existing skin conditions, such as eczema or psoriasis, as its exposure can worsen their symptoms.
Furthermore, the foaming properties of AFFF can lead to prolonged contact with the skin, which can strip away the natural protective oils and moisture, causing dryness and cracking. It can create an entry point for other harmful substances present in the firefighting environment, increasing the risk of infections and further skin damage.
Eye and Mucous Membrane Irritation
When AFFF is deployed to suppress fires, the foam can generate droplets or particles that may come into contact with the eyes. It can result in immediate eye irritation, redness, itching, and a burning sensation. Prolonged or repeated exposure to it can worsen these symptoms and potentially lead to long-term damage.
In addition to eye irritation, AFFF can also affect the mucous membranes lining the respiratory tract, nose, and mouth. Firefighters may experience dryness, itching, or a burning sensation in these areas. Irritation of the mucous membranes can make breathing more difficult and lead to discomfort and respiratory distress.
To protect against eye and mucous membrane irritation, firefighters should wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) during firefighting operations. It includes safety goggles or face shields to shield the eyes from direct contact with it.
Click here – What Is Garnishee Order?
Gastrointestinal Problems
When firefighters come into contact with AFFF, either through ingestion or accidental ingestion due to improper hygiene practices, it can lead to gastrointestinal symptoms. These symptoms may include stomach discomfort, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. The ingestion of PFAS can irritate the lining of the stomach and intestines, causing inflammation and disruption in the normal digestive processes.
Prolonged or repeated exposure to it can further increase gastrointestinal issues. It is important to note that the severity of symptoms can vary depending on the individual’s sensitivity and the amount of exposure.
To address gastrointestinal problems associated with the exposure, firefighters should prioritize proper hygiene practices, such as washing hands thoroughly after handling the foam and before eating or drinking. It can help minimize the risk of unintentional ingestion.
Firefighters’ AFFF Exposure Demands Attention and Action
The health consequences of Aqueous Film-Forming Foam (AFFF) exposure among firefighters are a growing concern that demands attention and action.
To navigate these health consequences, it is crucial to prioritize the implementation of stringent safety protocols and comprehensive training. By promoting awareness,
advocating for change, and supporting research into safer firefighting methods, all can safeguard the health and future of courageous firefighters.
